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| TL431 Programmable Voltage Reference Adjustable output voltage: 2.5 to 36V Sink current capability: 1 to 100mA Typical output impedance: 0.22 1% and 2% voltage precision Z TO92 (Plastic Package) Description The TL431 is a programmable shunt voltage reference with guaranteed temperature stability over the entire temperature range of operation. The output voltage may be set to any value between 2.5V and 36V with two external resistors. The TL431 operates with a wide current range from 1 to 100mA with a typical dynamic impedance of 0.22. D SO-8 (Plastic Micropackage) Order Codes Part Number TL431CD/CDT SO-8 TL431ACD/ACDT 0, +70C TL431CZ/CZT/CZ-AP TO92 TL431ACZ/ACZT/ACZ-AP TL431ID/IDT SO-8 TL431AID/AIDT TL431IZ/IZT/IZ-AP -40, + 105C TL431AIZ/AIZT/AIZ-AP TL431IYD/IYDT SO-8 (automotive grade level) TL431AIYD/AIYDT 431AIY TO92 TL431AI 431IY Tube or Tape & Reel 431AI TL431I TL431AC 431I TL431C 431AC Temperature Range Package Packing Marking 431C November 2005 Rev 2 1/13 www.st.com 13 Pin Diagrams TL431 1 Pin Diagrams Figure 1. TO92 pin connections (top view) Cathode Anode Reference 1 2 3 Figure 2. SO-8 pin connections (top view) 8 7 6 5 1 - Cathode 2 - Anode 3 - Anode 4 - N.C. 5 - N.C. 6 - Anode 7 - Anode 8 - Reference 1 2 3 4 2/13 TL431 Absolute Maximum Ratings 2 Absolute Maximum Ratings Table 1. Symbol VKA Ik Iref Pd Tstg Key parameters and their absolute maximum ratings Parameter Cathode to Anode Voltage Continuous Cathode Current Range Reference Input Current Range Power Dissipation (1) TO92 SO-8 batwing Storage Temperature Range 625 960 -65 to +150 mW Value 37 -100 to +150 -0.05 to +10 Unit V mA mA C 1. Pd is calculated with Tamb = +25C, Tj = +150C and Rthja = 200C/W for TO92 package Rthja = 130C/W for SO-8 batwing package Table 2. Symbol VKA Ik Toper Operating conditions Parameter Cathode to Anode Voltage Cathode Current Operating Free-air Temperature Range TL431C/AC TL431I/AI 0 to +70 -40 to +105 C Value Vref to 36 1 to 100 Unit V mA 3/13 Electrical Characteristics TL431 3 Table 3. Symbol Electrical Characteristics Tamb = 25C (unless otherwise specified) TL431C Parameter Min. Reference Input Voltage Vref VKA = Vref , Ik = 10 mA, Tamb = 25C Tmin Tamb Tmax Reference Input Voltage Deviation Over Temperature Vref Range (1) VKA = Vref, Ik = 10 mA, Tmin Tamb Tmax Vref -----------Vka TL431AC Unit Max. Min. Typ. Max. Typ. 2.44 2.495 2.55 2.47 2.495 2.52 2.423 2.567 2.453 2.537 V mV 3 17 3 15 Ratio of Change in Reference Input Voltage to Change in Cathode to Anode Voltage Ik = 10mA - VKA = 10V to Vref VKA = 36V to 10V Reference Input Current Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10k, R2 = Tamb = 25C Tmin Tamb Tmax Reference Input Current Deviation Over Temperature Range Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10k, R2 = Tmin Tamb Tmax Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation VKA = Vref Off-State Cathode Current Dynamic Impedance (2) -1.4 -1 -2.7 -2 -1.4 -1 -2.7 -2 mV/V Iref 1.8 4 5.2 1.8 4 5.2 A Iref A 0.4 1.2 0.4 1.2 mA nA Imin Ioff ZKA 0.5 2.6 1 1000 0.5 2.6 0.6 1000 VKA = Vref , Ik = 1 to100mA, f 1kHZ 0.22 0.5 0.22 0.5 1. Vref is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the full temperature range. Vref = Vref max. - Vref min. V ref max. V ref min. T1 T2 Temperature 2. The dynamic Impedance is definied as |ZKA| = VKA ---------------IK 4/13 TL431 Table 4. Symbol Electrical Characteristics Tamb = 25C (unless otherwise specified) TL431I Parameter Min. Reference Input Voltage Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. TL431AI Unit Vref VKA = V ref , Ik = 10 mA, T amb = 25C Tmin Tamb Tmax Reference Input Voltage Deviation Over Temperature Range (1) VKA = V ref , Ik =10 mA, Tmin Tamb Tmax Ratio of Change in Reference Input Voltage to Change in Cathode to Anode Voltage Ik = 10mA, VKA = 10V to Vref VKA = 36V to 10V Reference Input Current Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10k, R2 = Tamb = 25C Tmin Tamb Tmax Reference Input Current Deviation Over Temperature Range Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10k, R2 = Tmin Tamb Tmax Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation VKA = V ref Off-State Cathode Current Dynamic Impedance (2) VKA = V ref , Ik = 1 to100mA, f 1kHZ 2.44 2.41 2.49 5 2.55 2.58 2.47 2.44 2.49 5 2.52 2.55 V Vref mV 7 30 7 30 Vref -----------Vka -1.4 -1 -2.7 -2 -1.4 -1 -2.7 -2 mV/V Iref 1.8 4 6.5 1.8 4 6.5 A Iref A 0.8 2.5 0.8 1.2 mA nA Imin Ioff ZKA 0.5 2.6 1 1000 0.5 2.6 0.7 1000 0.22 0.5 0.22 0.5 1. Vref is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the full temperature range. Vref = Vref max. - Vref min. V ref max. V ref min. T1 T2 Temperature 2. The dynamic Impedance is definied as |ZKA| = VKA ---------------IK 5/13 Electrical Characteristics Figure 3. Test circuit for VKA = VREF Figure 4. Input TL431 Test circuit for V KA = VREF R IK R1 IREF VKA Output Input R IK=10mA Output VKA VREF R2 VREF R1 VKA = VREF ( 1 + ------- ) + R1 x IREF R2 Figure 5. Test circuit for IOFF Figure 6. Test circuit for phase margin and voltage gain VKA=36V 10F IOFF 10F IK=10mA 15k 8.25k Output Input VREF Figure 7. Block diagram of TL1431 Figure 8. Test circuit for response time Cathode Vref + Vref Anode 1 mA 0 mA IK=1mA 6/13 Output TL431 Figure 9. Reference voltage vs. temp. Electrical Characteristics Figure 10. Reference voltage vs. cathode current 100 2.54 Cathode voltage VKA (V) Cathode current IKA (mA) 2.52 VKA = VREF IK = 10 mA 75 50 25 0 -25 -50 TAMB=+25C 2.50 2.48 2.46 2.44 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -1 0 1 2 3 Temperature (C) Cathode voltage VKA (V) Figure 11. Reference voltage vs. cathode current Figure 12. Reference current vs. temp. 2 Reference current IREF (A) 2.0 IK=10 mA R1=10k R2= + Cathode current IKA (mA) 1 TAMB = +25C 1.5 0 1.0 -1 0.5 -2 -1 0 1 Cathode voltage VKA (V) 2 3 0.0 - 40 - 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Temperature C Figure 13. Off-state cathode current vs. temp. Figure 14. Ratio of change in VREF to change in VKA vs. temp. 2.0 0.0 Off-state current IOFF (A) 1.5 VREF / VKA (mV / V) VKA = 36 V VREF = 0 V -0.5 IK = 10 mA 1.0 -1.0 0.5 -1.5 0.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -2.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Temperature (C) Temperature (C) 7/13 Electrical Characteristics Figure 15. Static impedance RKA vs. temp. TL431 Figure 16. Maximum operating current vs. temp. 0.30 Minimum cathode current IMIN (mA) 0.6 Static impedance RKA () 0.28 VKA=VREF TAMB=+25C 0.4 0.26 0.24 0.2 VKA = VREF 0.22 0.20 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Temperature (C) Temperature (C) Figure 17. Gain & phase vs. frequency Figure 18. Stability behaviour with capacitive loads 60 Gain 40 IK=10 mA See figure 4 200 150 100 100 VKA=VREF Cathode current (mA) 80 VKA=5 V 60 VKA=12 V Instable Area Gain (dB) 20 Phase 50 Phase () 0 0 -50 -100 -20 -150 -40 1 10 100 Frequency (kHz) 1000 -200 10000 40 20 VKA=24 V 0 1E-10 1E-9 1E-8 1E-7 1E-6 1E-5 Capacitive load (Farad) Figure 19. Maximum power dissipation Figure 20. Pulse response for IK = 1mA 100 SO8 Batwing Input and Output voltage (V) 6 TAMB= +25C Cathode current (mA) Input 80 4 Output 60 TO92 40 Safe Area VKA=VREF TAMB=+25C 2 20 0 0 10 20 Cathode voltage (V) 30 0 2 4 Time (s) 6 8 10 8/13 TL431 Package Mechanical Data 4 Package Mechanical Data In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK(R) packages. These packages have a Lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com. 4.1 SO-8 Package SO-8 MECHANICAL DATA DIM. A A1 A2 B C D E e H h L k ddd 0.1 5.80 0.25 0.40 mm. MIN. 1.35 0.10 1.10 0.33 0.19 4.80 3.80 1.27 6.20 0.50 1.27 8 (max.) 0.04 0.228 0.010 0.016 TYP MAX. 1.75 0.25 1.65 0.51 0.25 5.00 4.00 MIN. 0.053 0.04 0.043 0.013 0.007 0.189 0.150 0.050 0.244 0.020 0.050 inch TYP. MAX. 0.069 0.010 0.065 0.020 0.010 0.197 0.157 0016023/C 9/13 Package Mechanical Data TL431 4.2 TO92 (Tape & Reel) Package TO-92 MECHANICA DATA mm. DIM. MIN. A b D E e e1 L R S1 W 4.32 0.36 4.45 3.30 2.41 1.14 12.7 2.16 0.92 0.41 TYP MAX. 4.95 0.51 4.95 3.94 2.67 1.40 15.49 2.41 1.52 0.56 MIN. 170.1 14.2 175.2 129.9 94.9 44.9 500.0 85.0 36.2 16.1 TYP. MAX. 194.9 20.1 194.9 155.1 105.1 55.1 609.8 94.9 59.8 22.0 mils 0102782/C 10/13 TL431 Package Mechanical Data 4.3 TO92 (Tape Ammo Pack) Package A1 P P T H d A H1 H0 H I1 W0 D0 F1 F2 P2 P0 W2 W1 W L1 Millimeters Dim. Min Typ. Max. Min. Inches Typ. Max. AL A T d I1 P PO P2 F1/F2 h P 5.0 5.0 4.0 0.45 2.5 11.7 12.4 5.95 2.4 -1 -1 17.5 5.7 8.5 12.7 12.7 6.35 2.5 0 0 18.0 6 9 13.7 13 6.75 2.8 1 1 19.0 6.3 9.75 0.5 20 15.5 16 16.5 25 3.8 4.0 4.2 11 0.150 0.157 0.610 0.630 0.098 0.461 0.488 0.234 0.094 -0.039 -0.039 0.689 0.224 0.335 0.500 0.500 0.250 0.098 0 0 0.709 0.236 0.354 0.018 0.197 0.197 0.157 0.539 0.512 0.266 0.110 0.039 0.039 0.748 0.248 0.384 0.020 0.787 0.650 0.984 0.165 0.433 W W0 W1 W2 H H0 H1 DO L1 11/13 Package Mechanical Data TL431 4.4 TO92 (Bulk) Package Millimeters Dim. Min Typ. Max. Min. Inches Typ. Max. L B O1 C K O2 a 3.2 4.45 4.58 12.7 0.407 0.35 1.27 3.7 5.00 5.03 4.2 5.2 5.33 0.126 0.1752 0.1803 0.5 0.5 0.508 0.016 0.0138 0.05 0.1457 0.1969 0.198 0.1654 0.2047 0.2098 0.0197 0.02 12/13 TL431 Revision History 5 Revision History Date Revision Changes March 2002 Nov. 2005 1 2 Initial release. PPAP references inserted in the datasheet seeTable : Order Codes on page 1. Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners (c) 2005 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved STMicroelectronics group of companies Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America www.st.com 13/13 |
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